Buildings are classified as to building type and occupancy usage according to the code authority adopted by the city in which the building is to be constructed. The most common code authorities in use today are the International Building Code [IBC], the Uniform Building Code [UBC], the Standard Building Code [SBC], and the Building Officials and Code Administrators [BOCA].


The classification of building type and occupancy is the key to whether or not fireproofing is required.


Spray applied fireproofing is classified as a passive fire protection system because once it is installed it remains in place and ready to perform. Alternative fire protection methods such as sprinkler systems rely on the heat of a fire that reaches a certain temperature to activate a fuse before the system itself becomes active. Sprinkler systems need to be tested on a regular schedule to insure the systems readiness. The percentage of systems that malfunction when tested is significant.


Once it is determined that sprayed fireproofing is required, the decision as to what type of product is best for the project must be made. Spray fireproofing materials in use today include:


  • Low, Medium, and High Density Cementitious
  • Low and Medium Density Mineral Fiber
  • Interior or Exterior Grade material
  • Intumescent coatings

Each of these products have specific design characteristics that when specified correctly will meet all of the fireproofing requirements.


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Underwriters Laboratory has conducted hundreds of fire tests on specific construction assemblies using products from all of the manufacturers of fireproofing materials. These tests are updated and published yearly, taking advantage of new and improved products and reduced thicknesses.

This UL publication is the major source for information on standards for fireproofing applications.

  • Low Density Fireproofing; proven in place performance on interior structural members make these products the most widely used fireproofing material in the world. The products are cost effective because of the ease of spray applications to protect steel and concrete substrates. These products provide the maximum flexibility to fit a wide variety of job site conditions.
    Typical Use: Interior Concealed Applications.
  • Medium Density Fireproofing; designed for applications where the potential for physical abuse is a consideration. These products offer an increased bond strength and density over the low density materials.
    Typical Use: Interior Exposed applications.
  • High Density Fireproofing; designed for use in applications where environmental or climatic conditions exist. It is a durable product that is excellent for use in high traffic areas such as parking garages.
    Typical use: Interior of Exterior Exposed Applications.
  • Intumescent Fireproofing; is a decorative thin filmed fireproofing for structural steel. This material allows the designer to express structure as an art form at interior locations in buildings where fire resistance ratings are required.
    Typical Use: Interior Exposed Structural Steel.